Bradycardia
Also known as: Slow Heart Rate
Bradycardia is a condition characterised by an abnormally slow heart rate, typically defined as a resting heart rate fewer than 60 beats per minute in adults. Bradycardia can occur due to various factors affecting the heart's electrical system, including intrinsic cardiac conduction abnormalities, medication side effects, metabolic imbalances, or structural heart disease.
What are the symptoms of Bradycardia?
Symptoms of Bradycardia may vary depending on the underlying cause and the severity of heart rate slowing but can include:
Fatigue or weakness.
Dizziness or lightheadedness.
Fainting (syncope) or near-fainting episodes.
Shortness of breath.
Chest pain or discomfort.
Palpitations (awareness of irregular or slow heartbeats).
Difficulty concentrating.
Exercise intolerance.
How is Bradycardia diagnosed?
Diagnosing Bradycardia involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests to evaluate heart function and identify the underlying cause. Healthcare providers may perform the following assessments:
Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG):
This test records the electrical activity of the heart and can identify abnormal heart rhythms or conduction disturbances associated with Bradycardia.
Holter Monitor or Event Monitor:
These portable devices record heart rhythm continuously or intermittently over a period to capture any transient or intermittent Bradycardia episodes.
Echocardiogram:
This ultrasound test evaluates the structure and function of the heart, assessing for structural abnormalities or heart valve disorders that may contribute to Bradycardia.
Blood Tests:
To assess for underlying metabolic imbalances, thyroid dysfunction, or medication toxicity that may cause Bradycardia.
How is Bradycardia treated?
Treatment for Bradycardia depends on the underlying cause, severity of symptoms, and individual patient factors. Treatment options may include:
Lifestyle changes:
Such as avoiding triggers that exacerbate Bradycardia (such as excessive alcohol consumption or certain medications), staying hydrated, and managing underlying medical conditions contributing to heart rate slowing.
Medications:
Including medications to regulate heart rate or rhythm, such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or antiarrhythmic drugs.
Pacemaker Implantation
For individuals with symptomatic Bradycardia or significant heart rate slowing, a pacemaker device may be implanted to maintain a stable heart rate and prevent symptoms.
Early diagnosis and appropriate management of Bradycardia are crucial for preventing symptoms and potential complications associated with inadequate heart rate. Individuals experiencing symptoms suggestive of Bradycardia should seek medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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