Palpitations
Also known as: Heart Palpitations or Cardiac Arrhythmias
Palpitations refer to the sensation of an abnormal awareness of one's heartbeat, often described as a rapid, fluttering, pounding, or irregular heart rhythm. While palpitations themselves are usually harmless and may occur intermittently in healthy individuals, they can sometimes indicate underlying heart rhythm disturbances or other medical conditions.
What are the symptoms of Palpitations?
Symptoms associated with palpitations may vary depending on the underlying cause but can include:
Sensation of rapid, fluttering, pounding, or irregular heartbeat.
Awareness of skipped or extra heartbeats.
Chest discomfort or tightness.
Dizziness or lightheadedness.
Shortness of breath.
Fainting (syncope) or near-fainting episodes.
Anxiety or panic feelings.
How are Palpitations diagnosed?
Diagnosing palpitations involves a comprehensive evaluation of symptoms, medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests to identify the underlying cause and assess cardiac function. Diagnostic assessments may include:
Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG):
This test records the electrical activity of the heart and can identify abnormal heart rhythms or conduction disturbances associated with palpitations.
Holter Monitor or Event Monitor:
These portable devices record heart rhythm continuously or intermittently over a period to capture any transient or intermittent palpitation episodes.
Echocardiogram:
This ultrasound test evaluates the structure and function of the heart, assessing for structural abnormalities or heart valve disorders that may contribute to palpitations.
Blood Tests:
To assess for underlying medical conditions such as thyroid dysfunction, electrolyte imbalances, or anaemia that may cause palpitations.
How are Palpitations treated?
Treatment for palpitations depends on the underlying cause, severity of symptoms, and individual patient factors. Treatment options may include:
Lifestyle changes:
Such as avoiding triggers that exacerbate palpitations (such as caffeine, nicotine, or alcohol), managing stress, maintaining a healthy weight, and getting regular exercise.
Medications:
Including medications to regulate heart rate or rhythm, such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or antiarrhythmic drugs.
Cardiac Procedures
In some cases, interventions such as catheter ablation or implantation of a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) may be necessary to manage underlying arrhythmias or structural heart abnormalities contributing to palpitations.
Early diagnosis and appropriate management of palpitations are crucial for preventing symptoms and potential complications associated with underlying cardiac conditions. Individuals experiencing persistent or severe palpitations should seek medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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