Cardiac Ectopic Beats
Also known as: Ectopic Heartbeats or Premature Heartbeats
Cardiac Ectopic Beats, are abnormal heart rhythms characterised by early or irregular contractions of the heart's chambers (atria or ventricles). These premature beats originate from areas of the heart outside the normal electrical conduction pathway, leading to disruptions in the heart's regular rhythm.
What are the symptoms of Cardiac Ectopic Beats?
Cardiac ectopic beats may be asymptomatic in many cases and may only be detected incidentally during routine medical examinations or diagnostic tests. However, some individuals may experience symptoms such as:
Palpitations (awareness of irregular or extra heartbeats).
Fluttering or pounding sensations in the chest.
A sensation of skipped or missed heartbeats.
Awareness of a rapid or irregular heartbeat (tachycardia).
Chest discomfort or pain.
Shortness of breath.
Dizziness or lightheadedness.
Fainting (syncope) or near-fainting episodes.
How is Cardiac Ectopic Beats diagnosed?
Diagnosing cardiac ectopic beats involves a comprehensive evaluation of symptoms, medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests to confirm the presence of ectopic heartbeats and assess for underlying causes or associated conditions. Diagnostic assessments may include:
Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG):
This test records the electrical activity of the heart and can identify characteristic patterns indicative of ectopic heartbeats, such as premature atrial or ventricular contractions.
Holter Monitor or Event Monitor:
These portable devices record heart rhythm continuously or intermittently over a period to capture any transient or intermittent episodes of ectopic beats.
Echocardiogram:
This ultrasound test evaluates the structure and function of the heart, assessing for structural abnormalities or underlying heart disease that may predispose to ectopic beats.
Blood Tests:
To assess for underlying medical conditions such as electrolyte imbalances or thyroid dysfunction that may contribute to ectopic heart rhythms.
How are Cardiac Ectopic Beats treated?
Treatment for cardiac ectopic beats aims to alleviate symptoms, reduce the frequency and severity of ectopic episodes, and address underlying causes or contributing factors. Treatment options may include:
Lifestyle Modifications:
Techniques such as bearing down (Valsalva manoeuvre), coughing, or immersing the face in cold water may help terminate SVT episodes in some cases.
Medications:
Including beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or antiarrhythmic drugs to suppress ectopic heartbeats and stabilise heart rhythm.
Management of Underlying Conditions:
Such as treating electrolyte imbalances, thyroid disorders, or cardiac conditions that may predispose to ectopic beats.
Monitoring:
Regular follow-up appointments and monitoring may be recommended to assess response to treatment and monitor for any changes in symptoms or heart rhythm.
Early diagnosis and appropriate management of cardiac ectopic beats are essential for reducing symptoms and improving quality of life in affected individuals. Individuals experiencing symptoms suggestive of ectopic heartbeats should seek medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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