High Blood Pressure
Also known as: Hypertension
High Blood Pressure, also known as hypertension, is a common condition characterised by elevated blood pressure levels in the arteries. Blood pressure is the force exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries as it is pumped by the heart. When blood pressure remains consistently high over time, it can strain the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of serious health problems such as heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease.
What are the symptoms of High Blood Pressure?
High Blood Pressure is often referred to as a "silent killer" because it typically does not cause noticeable symptoms until it reaches severe or life-threatening levels. However, some individuals may experience symptoms such as:
Headaches.
Shortness of breath.
Dizziness or lightheadedness.
Blurred or double vision.
Chest pain.
Fatigue.
Nosebleeds.
How is High Blood Pressure diagnosed?
High Blood Pressure is diagnosed through blood pressure measurements taken with a sphygmomanometer, which measures systolic and diastolic blood pressure. A diagnosis of hypertension is made when blood pressure readings consistently exceed 130/80 mm Hg. Additional tests may be performed to assess organ damage and determine the underlying cause of hypertension, including blood tests, urine tests, electrocardiogram (ECG), and echocardiogram.
How is High Blood Pressure treated?
Treatment for High Blood Pressure aims to lower blood pressure levels and reduce the risk of complications. Treatment options may include:
Lifestyle changes:
Such as adopting a heart-healthy diet low in sodium, engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a healthy weight, limiting alcohol consumption, and quitting smoking.
Medications:
Including diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), calcium channel blockers, and other antihypertensive drugs to help lower blood pressure.
Monitoring and follow-up:
Regular monitoring of blood pressure levels and follow-up appointments with healthcare providers to assess treatment effectiveness and adjust medications as needed.
Early detection and management of High Blood Pressure are crucial for preventing complications and maintaining overall health. Individuals with risk factors for hypertension, such as obesity, family history, or a sedentary lifestyle, should undergo regular blood pressure screenings and consult with healthcare providers for proper diagnosis and management.
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